Effect of antenatal educational intervention on maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding success: a quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of breastfeeding educational intervention given in the antenatal period on LATCH and breastfeeding self-efficacy scores. METHOD: A total of 80 pregnant who met the research criteria were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 40) or control (n = 40) groups. Pregnant women received to the control group received only standard care while breastfeeding education was accepted to the intervention group along with standard care. Both groups were visited at their home, and the personal data form, the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) were applied in the postpartum 1st week. End of the study, brochures prepared by the researcher were given to both groups. RESULT: The mean breastfeeding self-efficacy and LATCH scores were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Breastfeeding success was found to increase as the maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy perception increased. CONCLUSION: Breastfeeding education given in the antenatal period increased maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy perception and breastfeeding success in the postpartum 1st week period.Study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04757324.

Effect of antenatal educational intervention on maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding success: a quasi-experimental study / O efeito do apoio educacional pré-natal na autoeficácia da amamentação e na eficácia da amamentação: um investigação semi-experimental / El efecto del apoyo educativo prenatal en la autoeficacia y la eficacia de la lactancia materna: una investigación semi-experimental

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the effect of breastfeeding educational intervention given in the antenatal period on LATCH and breastfeeding self-efficacy scores. Method: A total of 80 pregnant who met the research criteria were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 40) or control (n = 40) groups. Pregnant women received to the control group received only standard care while breastfeeding education was accepted to the intervention group along with standard care. Both groups were visited at their home, and the personal data form, the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) were applied in the postpartum 1st week. End of the study, brochures prepared by the researcher were given to both groups. Result: The mean breastfeeding self-efficacy and LATCH scores were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Breastfeeding success was found to increase as the maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy perception increased. Conclusion: Breastfeeding education given in the antenatal period increased maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy perception and breastfeeding success in the postpartum 1st week period. Study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04757324.

RESUMO Objetivo: Inspecionar a influência da ajuda de treinamento em amamentação fornecida durante o processo pré-natal nos escores do LATCH e da autoeficácia da amamentação. Método: As gestantes, com número total de 80, que atendem aos critérios de investigação, foram arbitrariamente separadas em dois grupos, ou seja, um grupo de interferência (n = 40) e um grupo controle (n = 40). Enquanto as gestantes do grupo controle recebem apenas a cuidado normal, o grupo de interferência recebeu como extras os cuidados com a cuidado normal e o treinamento em amamentação. Ambos os grupos foram visitados em suas residências na primeira semana do puerpério e os formulários necessários à investigação, ou seja, o formulário de informações pessoais, LATCH Ferramenta de aproximação da amamentação e Formulários Curtos da Escala de Autoeficácia em Amamentação foram devidamente preenchidos. Etapa da investigação, foi entregue uma cartilha organizada pelo investigador para os dois grupos acima mencionados. Resultados: Comparado ao grupo controle, observou-se que o grupo interferência apresentou maiores médias de autoeficácia para amamentação e escores LATCH. Concluiu-se que quando se desenvolve a apreensão da mãe sobre a autoeficácia em amamentar, obviamente também se desenvolve a realização da amamentação. Conclusão: O treinamento em amamentação fornecido no período pré-natal desenvolveu a apreensão da autoeficácia da amamentação materna e a realização da amamentação na primeira semana do período pós-parto. A investigação é registrada em ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04757324.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Inspeccionar la influencia de la ayuda de capacitación en lactancia proporcionada durante el proceso prenatal en LATCH y las puntuaciones de autoeficacia en la lactancia. Metodo: Las gestantes, con un total de 80, que cumplieron con los criterios de investigación, fueron separadas arbitrariamente en dos grupos, es decir, un grupo de interferencia (n = 40) y un grupo de control (n = 40). Mientras que las mujeres embarazadas en el grupo de control solo reciben cura ordinaria, el grupo de interferencia recibió la cura ordinaria y capacitación en lactancia como extra. Ambos grupos fueron visitados en sus domicilios en la primera semana del puerperio y se cumplimentaron los formularios necesarios de la investigación, es decir, el formulario de datos personales, la Herramienta de Evaluación de Lactancia LATCH y los Formularios Breves de la Escala de Autoeficacia en la Lactancia Materna. Etapa de la investigación, se entregó un folleto organizado por el investigador a los dos grupos antes mencionados. Resultados: En comparación con el grupo de control, se observó que el grupo de interferencia tenía un promedio más alto de autoeficacia para amamantar y puntajes LATCH. Se concluyó que cuando se desarrolla la aprensión de la madre sobre la autoeficacia de amamantar, obviamente también se desarrolla el logro de amamantar. Conclusión: La capacitación en lactancia brindada en el período prenatal desarrolló la aprehensión de la autoeficacia de la lactancia materna y el logro de la lactancia materna en la primera semana del período posparto. La investigación está registrada en ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04757324.

Effect of operating parameters on color and COD removal performance of SBR: sludge age and initial dyestuff concentration.

Effect of sludge and initial dyestuff concentration on color and COD removal performance of anaerobic-aerobic sequential batch reactor was investigated. Remazol Red RR a vinylsulphonyl (VS) and monochlortriazine (MCT), reactive azo dye was used in the study. Sludge age was varied between thetaC=12 days and thetaC=30 days and dyestuff concentration was between D0=50 and D0=500 mg l(-1). The maximum color and COD removal was obtained as 95% and 70% for D0=60 mg l(-1) and COD0=800 mg l(-1) at 15 days sludge retention time, respectively, and no further improvement was observed when sludge age was increased to 30 days. The main color removal phase in this operation system was the anaerobic phase. Because, the color removal efficiency was already above 95% under anaerobic condition and therefore, the contribution of aerobic phase to color removal was negligible. Increasing dyestuff concentration did not significantly affect the decolorization. It was possible to obtain over 90% dyestuff removal even at D0=500 mg l(-1). SBR system reduces 1000 mg l(-1) initial COD concentrations to about 400 mg l(-1) for dyestuff concentration up to 150 mg l(-1). COD removal efficiency decreased from 70% to 60% by increasing initial dyestuff concentration from 100 to 500 mg l(-1). The results indicated that dyestuff and COD are mainly used by anaerobic organisms and aeration does not improve the performance of SBR system.